![]() Gas is set free as gas lines are broken and a spark will start a firestorm. Earthquake fires start when electrical and gas lines are dislodged due to the earth’s shaking. FiresĮarthquake damage facts show fires caused by earthquakes are the second most common hazard. Long lasting effects of tsunami destruction can be felt beyond the coastline. Large tsunamis which travel to the ocean floor to the surface are dangerous to human health, property, and infrastructure. TsunamisĪn earthquake generated within the Pacific Ocean floor will generate a tsunami, which is actually a series of very long waves. Liquefaction can undermine the foundations and supports of buildings, bridges, pipelines, and roads, causing them to sink into the ground, collapse or dissolve. The shaking from an earthquake can turn loose soil into a liquid during an earthquake. They also can block roads and disrupt utility lines. Landslides may result in falling rocks and debris that collide with people, trees, animals, buildings and vehicles. LandslidesĮarthquakes can trigger landslides and mudslides, especially in areas with water-soaked soils. Ground displacement, which can affect large land areas, can produce severe damage to structures, roads, railways and pipelines. It can be caused by vertical or horizontal movement on either side of a ruptured fault. The primary earthquake hazard is surface rupture. Most earthquake damage results from the seismic waves passing beneath buildings, roads, and other structures. The shaking triggers other hazards such as liquefaction and landslides. Ground shaking is the vibration of the ground during an earthquake. The damaging shaking of major earthquakes can be felt hundreds of miles away.Ī house damaged in the 2004 San Simeon earthquake. ![]() How do Earthquakes Cause DamageĮarthquake destruction begins with the earth’s violent shaking that can rupture the earth, trigger landslides and turn the surface of the earth to liquid. Northridge, at a 6.7 magnitude earthquake, killed 58 people, injured more than 9,000 and caused more than $49 billion in economic loss. The Ridgecrest earthquakes followed a 25-year "quiet period" after the Northridge earthquake. The second quake with a magnitude 7.1 lasted 12 seconds and was felt by about 30 million people from Sacramento to San Diego. The Ridgecrest earthquakes that hit on July 4 and Jwith a magnitude 6.4 and 7.1, respectively, were the most recent major earthquakes in Southern California. Earthquake damage from fires is the most important secondary effect. ![]() The damage caused by earthquakes is from ground shaking, ground rupture, landslides, tsunamis, and liquefaction. Southern California has a 60% chance of experiences an earthquake measuring magnitude 6.7 in the same timeframe. Geological Survey reports there is a 72 percent probability that an earthquake of magnitude 6.7 or larger will strike the San Francisco Bay area within the next 30 years. In California, the collapse of buildings, roads and infrastructure produced eight of the ten costliest earthquakes in the last one hundred years. The violent shaking of the ground produces the greatest property losses and personal injuries. ![]() The destructive effects of earthquakes are from landslides, tsunamis, fires, and fault rupture. ![]()
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